CDTire/3D

The structural tire model CDTire/3D has been developed at Fraunhofer ITWM [1]. It is used in the automotive industry in all applications including comfort, durability, and advanced vehicle dynamics (handling) scenarios. The functional plies of a tire such as the carcasses, belt plies, and cap plies are geometrically modeled and together with their material properties as well as different filled rubber zones then accumulated into a discretized shell bead-to-bead shell model including a materialized sidewall. The geometric formulation of the material behavior also allows large deformations to be modelled. The air pressure is applied to the inner liner of the tire — just like in a real tire. The valid pressure range applies through physics — no identification or measurements at various pressure is required.

The bead-to-bead character of the tire model allows for a generic interface to a rim model. The model features various multi-physical extension and interfaces to feature for example an internal gas simulation (cavity model), a temperature model or a flexible rim. A detailed abrasion model and the possibility to simulate rolling resistance complete the capabilities of a modern, physical tire MBD model.

CDTire/3D: Cleat run simulation
CDTire/3D: Cleat run simulation
CDTire/3D: Functional layer concept
CDTire/3D: Functional layer concept

Features

Complete 3D shell based model of sidewalls and belt

Separate modeling and parameterization of all functional layers of a modern tire
Includes dedicated models for belt, carcass, cap plies and tread
Same deformation capability as FEA models
Capturing of belt/rim contact (ground out)
Flexible rim support
Dedicated local brush type contact model
Fully scalable in spatial discretization and functional capabilities

Suitable to handle inflation pressure variations during application up to total pressure loss
Temperature model and cavity model connectable
Applicable on arbitrary 3D road surfaces
Can be adapted to a motorcycle tire

CDTire/3D – Slip Angle Sweep

Visualization of contact patch dynamics and tire structure deformation with CDTire model suite. Slip angle sweep from -15 degree to 15 degree.

CDTire/3D – Slip Angle Sweep

[1] A. Gallrein, M. Bäcker, and A. Gizatullin: “Structural MBD tire models: Closing the gap to structural analysis – history and future of parameter identification” , 2013.